Madagascar
Lifts Ban on Gem Rough Exportation
A Roskin
Gem News Report
EXCLUSIVE!
Does
the Change of Government
and
Lifting of the Export Ban
put
Madagascar’s Gem Industry
Back
on Track?
The
Minister of Energy, Jean Rodolphe Ramanantsoa, has announced that gem rough exports
will now be allowed; officially, the ban has been lifted.
It
was on February 28, 2008 when then President Marc Ravalomanana, the now former president
of Madagascar, banned the export of all mineral products. He later amended this
ban to only rough gem materials. From July 2008, rough industrial minerals were
allowed to be exported, along with cut gemstones.
The
Big Lift
But
the question remains, can a lifting of the export ban bring back the gem industry
in Madagascar? In 2007, over $30 Million in rough was exported. In 2008, less than
$300,000 in exports was reported, and none of it as gem rough. Described in weight,
tons of gem and near gem materials were exported in 2006 and 2007. But only kilos
went out in 2008. [We have been told that by 2009, a system for smuggling was in
place, and so some rough gem material was reaching the outside markets.]
According
to inside reports, smuggling caused the most reputable gem businesses to go elsewhere.
So with few reputable businesses, coupled with the world economic crash and 1½ years
loss of local business, Madagascar’s gem business is now in disarray. Hundreds of
thousands of people who have depended for some part of their income on the gem mining
industry - either as miners, middlemen, or suppliers - have lost their incomes.
A lifting of the ban will help, but how quickly is yet to be seen. It may be several
years before Madagascar’s gem industry finally gets back to 2007 levels.
A Change
of Power
Ravalomanana
has been the “former” president since March of this year when, as described in the
international press, a coup d’état changed leadership. Ravalomanana has been in
exile in South Africa ever since, and Andry Rajoelina, the former Mayor of Antananarivo
and a member of the opposition party, is now leading the Haut Autoritie de Transition
(HAT).
Negotiations
were being conducted in Mozambique, attempting to resolve the issue and perhaps
form a power sharing government. According to the latest report by the BBC online,
“The leaders at the centre of Madagascar’s political crisis have reached agreement
on a power-sharing government.” The report goes on to say that “the accord would
see a transitional period of 15 months, during which legislative and presidential
elections would be held. Ousted President Marc Ravalomanana said he would return
to Madagascar but not personally take part in the process... Mediators hope it will
bring an end to the months of crisis which culminated in the opposition leader,
Andry Rajoelina, forcing Mr. Ravalomanana to resign as president on 17 March and
flee.”
In
order for Rajoelina to actually run for the highest office, the constitution must
be changed. Currently, only those 40 years and older can become President. Rajoelina
just turned 35 years old.
During
this transition of power, it was Rajoelina who appointed new ministers, with Mines
being temporarily run by the Minister of Energy.
[http://www.cbc.ca/world/story/2009/03/21/madagascar.html]
The
Emerald Export
What
started this whole mess was the exportation of a large emerald specimen.
Early
in 2008, a 580kg Madagascan emerald specimen was placed on display for several months
on Reunion Island, a “department” of France, roughly 200km off the coast of Madagascar.
Technically, at this point then, it was in France, and legally exported from Madagascar.
The
real complications began while on exhibit on Reunion Island. A journalist labeled
the specimen as a 580 kg emerald. This was followed by unusually high values circulating
in the international media.
President
Ravalomanana was apparently angered by the possible loss of a very valuable national
treasure.
The
large emerald specimen was already scheduled to be flown to China in the hopes of
selling the mineral.
Madagascar
had tried twice in court on Reunion Island to get the stone declared illegally exported
and returned to Madagascar. This effort failed. The stone did get to China where
it went on display.
[For
a good look at the emerald mineral specimen, log onto
http://www.mindat.org/article.php/357/The+world%27s+largest+Emerald+on+Matrix+specimen]
Madagascar
apparently sent a delegation from Interpol, and both Mines and Justice Ministries
to try to get China to seize the stone. This effort failed as well.
The
affair finally went to court in Madagascar in June of this year where reportedly
all parties involved in the export were exonerated. This saga seems to have ended
here.
While
the latest reports now state that Ravalomanana banned exports of rough gem materials
in order to coerce foreign gem buyers to open cutting factories in Madagascar, and
saying nothing about the emerald specimen, this never materialized either.
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